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Security: Theory and Practice

Published: 2026-06-17

Security and risk analysis in the implementation of artificial intelligence in retail banking

Dariusz Fatuła Logo ORCID

Abstract

The article discusses the most important applications of artificial intelligence in retail banking, identifies risks in the implementation and operation of AI. It highlights gaps between theory and practice and proposes conceptual frameworks to address them. In the area of risk management, it examines the Three Lines model, juxtaposing it with the standard ISO/IEC 42001:2023 and the standard published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) at the U.S. Department of Commerce. Then it proposes how selected theoretical concepts, standards, and recommendations can be translated into creating and managing structures overseeing the operation of AI in a bank, ensuring compliance with the EU AI Act, which comes fully into force in August 2026. It also points to future actions that improve the safety of the banking sector system. Innovative solutions can not only serve the competition of individual banks but also, to some extent, support cooperation in the broadly understood area of security.

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Citation rules

Fatuła, D. (2026). Security and risk analysis in the implementation of artificial intelligence in retail banking. Security: Theory and Practice, (1), 97–115. https://doi.org/10.31749/2451-0718-btip-2026-1-006

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No. 1 (2026)
Published: 2026-06-29


ISSN: 1899-6264
eISSN: 2451-0718
Ikona DOI 10.31749/2451-0718-btip

Publisher
AFM Publishing House of the Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University

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